Linguistics

The 1995 Message Understanding Conference, organized for the evaluation of information extraction systems applied to a common task. Task definitions, templates, scenarios.

Nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs are organized into synonym sets, each representing one underlying lexical concept.

Online tests multiple choice questions in five languages. Facility to compare results with national tests. Directory of language schools and teachers. [English, German]

Resources for teachers and learners of French and German with tips and materials for students and teachers at secondary school level.

Foreign language courses in Books, audio cassettes, and CD-ROMs for ESL, French, Spanish, German, and Russian.

Offers online language courses teaching English, German, Spanish, Italian, and French. Presented in several languages of learners.

Online language community. Learn a language and connect with native speakers for instructive help.

Helps language learners and teachers find a language partner for conversation via Skype.

Lessons in French, Italian, and Spanish. Basic grammar and vocabulary lists.

Designed to help people learn new languages by familiarizing themselves first with basic phrases and sentences in 26 languages.

Grammar, phonology, dictionary, and glossary of linguistic terms.

Constructed language derived in part from Japanese in Morioka Hiroyuki's book Seikai no Monshou.

Documentation site of Romanid, an interlatinid naturalistic constructed language.

Known also as EL is a rational multi-method language designed by its creator Yoshiko McFarland.

An encyclopedia article on Basic English, including sections on grammar, criticisms, and word lists.

Archives of Europanto in Europanto, English and French.

A new international language, designed to be a pidgin to be shared by people around the world.

In-depth introduction to language creation, by Mark Rosenfelder.

An essay on the nature of artificial languages, by Robert Isenberg.

Description with examples of a language reversal in Argentinian Spanish.

Describes the term language game and gives examples from different languages.

Presents a constructed language claimed to promote the communication of facts in courts of law. Features dictionary, sentence structure, essays.

Controlled language used to publish Christian texts for non-native English speakers. Discusses vocabulary, syntax, production tools, pros and cons.

Paper by Robert Austerlitz describing some of the shared characteristics of these languages including syntax, morphology, and phonology.

Vocabulary of the Kutthung or Kattang dialect once spoken along the southern bank of the Karuah river and south shore of Port Stephens, New South Wales, Australia.

Essay by Jan Wohlgemut discussing the social surroundings and grammatical change of present-day Dyirbal as compared to the language Dixon described in 1968.

Online version of a book containing fairly detailed grammatical notes on Burushaski, by Dick Grune (available in PostScript or PDF format).

Comparative presentation of the numerals 1-10 in the Indo-European languages, including reconstructions in Proto-Indo-European and various intermediate proto (reconstructed) languages.

From the UCLA Language Materials Project.

Published from 1982, all of its 50 numbers are available online. The articles, in English or French, deal with the Mande languages, one of the branches (or families) of Niger-Congo.

Number words in a variety of pidgins, creoles, and constructed languages.

A journal that focuses on the study of sign language and the people who use it. Quarterly archives of the journal are available online from Fall 2000.

Searchable bibliography project aiming to collect all the linguistic and language related work done on the Siouan-Catawban languages.

Society based in Germany, and devoted to Uralic and Altaic studies.

Information on Finno-Ugric languages spoken in Russia.

An ASCII-encoding of the IPA that has been deprecated by Unicode.

SAMPA IPA font for Windows. (Not Unicode)

Semiotics and Advertisements: Tom Streeter

Free online translations by bringing the inputed words to popular computer translation sites.

Tool for automated translation of Microsoft Resource scripts in German and English versions.

Time limited shareware tool that produces word counts, character counts, line counts, and page counts for all common file formats.

Transliteration and translation tools for Indian languages. Includes free on-line English-to-Malayalam and English-to-Hindi transliterators in graphics and Unicode.

Machine translation software for English-Polish and English-Russian. 30 day trial download.

Nonprofit organization offers language tutorials, related merchandise, mailing list and membership information.

Includes documentation of all canon, careful analyses, links, and reference materials.

A two-way translator and morphological analyzer, available online or as a download.

Includes dictionary and analysis program, translations of English works, links, and other resources.

Bachelor's thesis in sociology by Yens Wahlgren. Marc Okrand, the creator of Klingon, and 18 advanced Klingonists are interviewed.

A short article by Glen Proechel, first published in "Esperanto U.S.A." in 1994, comparing the Klingon language to Esperanto.

Summary of the Quenya grammar, includes examples.