Reference

Polish author, b. at Vilna, 6 November, 1825, of Jewish parents; d. at Cracow, 26 November, 1906.

A religious order famous in the history of Bohemia, and accustomed from the beginning to the use of arms, a custom which was confirmed in 1292 by an ambassador of Pope Nicholas IV.

Put to death for the Faith at York, on 29 November, 1596; with him also suffered Venerables George Errington of Herst, William Gibson of Ripon, and William Abbot of Howden, in Yorkshire.

Born at Sandomir?, 1633; died at Krakow, 1699. He received his education at the Jesuit College, Sandomir, served in the army, and then spent the rest of his life on his estate.

Diocese in Bohemia.

Historian, b. on 9 October, 1822, at Leer (East Friesland); d. at Vienna, 9 August 1903.

Bishop of Mainz, b. at Münster, in Westphalia, 25 Dec., 1811; d. at Burghausen, 13 July, 1877.

Armenian Uniat diocese created in 1850.

A suffragan diocese of Cashel.

An important Plains tribe, constituting a distinct linguistic stock.

The legenda are stories about the saints, and often include a mix of historical fact and unhistorical embellishments.

Bishop of Fréjus, d. 488. On good terms with Honoratus, who founded the famous monastery of Lérins, and with John Cassian and Pope St. Leo I.

Reigned about A.D. 64 or 67 to 76 or 79.

Biographical article on the presbyter famed for his sanctity and scholarship, who died a martyr in 312.

Successor of St. Augustine of Canterbury as archbishop of that see, and died in 619.

Spanish Dominican novicemaster and preacher, d. 1581.

Confessor, abbot, and the first Irish-born bishop of Dublin, d. 1180.

A pietist sect of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries founded by Jean de Labadie, who was born at Bourg, near Bordeaux, 13 February, 1610, and died at Altonia, 13 February, 1674.

French-Canadian bishop, b. 4 Sept., 1818, at Ste-Anne de la Perade, Province of Quebec; d. 14 July, 1898.

Dominican missionary, born at Paris, 1664; died there, 1738.

Jesuit educationist and social work, b. at Paris, 21 November, 1835; d. there, 30 August, 1909.

French archæologist, b. in Paris, 1 June, 1802; d. at Athens, 24 November, 1859.

Born 10 Dec., 1631, at Brescia in Italy; died in the same place, 22 Feb., 1687. Mathematician and naturalist, he was also the scientific founder of aeronautics.

Separated from the Vicariate Apostolic of Siam by a decree of 4 May, 1899.

A titular see of Isauria, afterwards of Lycaonia.

Mathematician and astronomer. (1749-1827)

Suffragan of Quito, Ecuador, includes the greater part of the Provinces of Loja and El Oro.

The island of Lindisfarne lies some two miles off the Northumberland coast, nine and one-half miles southeast of the border-town of Berwick.

He took the habit of St. Benedict in the Abbey of St. Faro at Meaux, and made his religious profession on 21 Nov., 1703.

The military order of St. Lazarus of Jerusalem originated in a leper hospital founded in the twelfth century by the crusaders of the Latin Kingdom.

A name used to designate a layman on whom a king or someone in authority bestowed an abbey as a reward for services rendered.

The name of two persons in the N.T.; a character in one of Christ's parables, and the brother of Martha and Mary of Bethania.

Diocese; suffragan of Otranto.

Established on 6 August, 1902.

A family engaged in tapestry weaving in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.

Born at an uncertain date on the Island of Chios, then under Genoese domination; died in Chios or in Italy, 1842.

Antipope under the name of Benedict XIII, b. at Illueca, Aragon, 1328; d. at the Peñiscola, near Valencia, Spain, either 29 Nov., 1422, or 23 May, 1423.

Three canonical collections of quite different value from a legal standpoint are known by this title.

In its most restricted sense, by a pious legacy or bequest (legatum pium) is understood, the assigning, by a last will, of a particular thing forming part of an estate, to a church or an ecclesiastical institution.

A titular see of Macedonia.

Founded in 1852 by the Seminary of Quebec; the royal charter granted to it by Queen Victoria was signed at Westminster, 8 December, 1852.

A titular see of Thrace, not mentioned by any ancient historian or geographer.

Defined to be "the rules which determine the conduct of the general body of civilized states in their dealings with each other" (American and English Encycl. of Law).

Archbishop of Reims, b. at Turin, 1642; d. at Reims, 1710.

Date of birth unknown; d. 13 July, 939. A Roman and priest of St. Sixtus, and probably a Benedictine monk, he was elected pope 3 January, 936.

A miscellaneous collection of ecclesiastical formularies used in the papal chancery until the eleventh century.

Diocese in Canada, established 21 February, 1855; see transferred to Sandwich, 2 February, 1859, transferred back to London, 3 October, 1869.

Croatian historian, b. early in the seventeenth century, at Trojir, or Tragurion, in Dalmatia; d. at Rome, 11 January, 1679.

The traditional title of the most ancient section of the catacomb of St. Callistus.

Born at Bologna, unknown date, died at Rome, 15 February, 1145.